Performance of Academic Staff during COVID-19 Pandemic-Induced Work Transformations: An IPO Model for Stress Management

The COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected all spheres of services-related business, including the higher education sector. As a pre-emptive measure, almost traditional educational institutions have been transformed into virtual organizations. This pandemic-induced work transition created stress among academic staff and hampered their performance. present study aims to examine impact leadership behaviors, e-training, employment security on management process, consequently improving employee performance during after pandemic. Based IPO (input–process–output) model, this examines effect behavior, teaching staff’s tasks adaptive contextual performance, mediated by management. To test conceptual data were collected from Malaysian universities. structural equation modeling technique was used for analysis, while bootstrapping with maximum likelihood estimator confirm mediational role revealed that task- relation-oriented positively influence in Moreover, acts as full mediator relationship between behavior partial mediation occurs security, offers valuable insights literature proposing input process attain output staff. Higher should come forward assist employees managing levels better outcomes.